単純過去形

学習テスト

単純過去形の機能

単純過去は、 今より前に終了した行動 について述べるために使います。期間は重要ではありません。行動が起こった時は、最近でも、ずっと前でも使えます。

例

John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.
My father died last year.
He lived in Fiji in 1976.
We crossed the Channel yesterday.

いつ何かが起こったかを述べる時に単純過去を使います。

frequency: often, sometimes, always
I sometimes walked home at lunchtime.
I often brought my lunch to school.
a definite point in time: last week, when I was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago
We saw a good film last week.
Yesterday, I arrived in Geneva.
She finished her work atseven o'clock
I went to the theatre last night
an indefinite point in time: the other day, ages ago, a long time ago People lived in caves a long time ago.
She played the piano when she was a child.

備考： ago は、どれくらい前かを表現するのに役立つ言葉で、ある時間の後を示します： a week ago, three years ago, a minute ago.

注意：英語の単純過去形は、あなたの母国語の時制のように見えるかもしれませんが、おそらく意味が異なるでしょう。

単純過去形の作り方

通常の動詞の単純過去形のパターン

肯定文
主語	+ 動詞 + ed
I	skipped.
否定文
主語	+ did not	+ toのない不定詞
They	didn't	go.
疑問文
Did	+ 主語	+toのない不定詞
Did	she	arrive?
否定疑問文
Did not	+ 主語	+ toのない不定詞
Didn't	you	play?

To Walk

肯定文	否定文	疑問文
I walked	I didn't walk	Did I walk?
You walked	You didn't walk	Did you walk?
He walked	He didn't walk	Did he walk?
We walked	We didn't walk	Did we walk?
They walked	They didn't walk	Did they walk?

to be, to have, to doの単純過去時制

主語	動詞
	Be	Have	Do
I	was	had	did
You	were	had	did
He/She/It	was	had	did
We	were	had	did
You	were	had	did
They	were	had	did

肯定文、否定文&疑問文形での備考

肯定文

肯定文での単純過去形は簡単です。

I was in Japan last year
She had a headache yesterday.
We did our homework last night.

否定文と疑問文

否定文と疑問文での一般動詞としての"do"の単純過去形は、助動詞の"do",を使います。例 We didn't do our homework last night.
単純過去形での"have"の否定は助動詞の"do"を使いますが、単にnot や縮約の "n't"を使うこともできます。

単純過去形での"have"の疑問文は一般に助動詞"do".を使います。