現在分詞 -ing
-ing で終わる動詞は、現在分詞か動名詞です。これら二つは同じように見えますが、文章中の機能に違いがあります。
現在分詞
動詞の継続形の一部として、知覚動詞の後に、動作の動詞の後に、あるいは形容詞として最もよく使われます。.
動詞の継続形の一部としての現在分詞
現在分詞はすべての継続動詞形の要素 (過去、現在、未来、 条件文など)です。現在分詞はそのまま変わらず、助動詞が時制を示します。
例
- He is painting.
- She was waiting.
- They will be coming.
- We would be staying.
- I would have been leaving.
知覚動詞の後の現在分詞
現在分詞は、動詞 + 目的語 + 現在分詞のパターンで、知覚動詞の後に使われ、その行動が知覚されていることを示します。
例
- We saw him swimming across the pond.
- I watched her painting Sarah's portrait.
- I couldn't hear her singing because of the noise.
- I would like to see you knitting sometime.
動き、動作や位置を表す動詞の後に置かれ、並行して行なわれる活動を示す現在分詞
例
- She sat looking at the sea.
- He walks reading his newspaper.
- I cook listening to the radio.
- Sally lay listening to the bugs in the grass.
形容詞としての現在分詞
例
- Did you read that amazing book?
- This movie is so exciting!
- His economics class is boring.
詳細は 現在分詞の使い方をご覧下さい。
動名詞
動名詞は、名詞と同じ機能を持ちます。動詞のように見えますが名詞と同じ方法で使われます。
文章の主語となる動名詞
例
- Eating people is wrong.
- Driving too fast is dangerous.
- Walking is good for you.
- Your knitting is beautiful.
前置詞の後の動名詞
例
- Can you sneeze without opening your mouth?
- She is good at painting.
- I was the fastest at climbing the rope.
- He learns music by listening to the chords.
特定の動詞の後の動名詞
Examples
- I like cooking.
- He enjoys walking.
- They hate milking cows.
- I can imagine drifting away in a balloon.
複合名詞の中の動名詞
例
- I took her to her driving lessons.
- We are going to the swimming pool.
- My uncle does a lot of bird-watching.
- I found this pie by dumpster-diving.
詳細はt 動名詞の使い方をご覧下さい。
/f/61891/736x414/ecdcbfbfed/learn-english-abroad.jpg)
/f/61891/736x414/46f1208106/learn-english-online.jpg)
/f/61891/736x414/d25037b8dc/learn-english-app.jpg)