現在完了継続
現在完了継続の作り方
現在完了継続は、二つの要素から出来ています：'to be'動詞の現在完了形 (have/has been)と主動詞の 現在分子 (基本形+ing)です。
| 主語 | has/have been | 基本形+ing |
| She | has been | swimming |
肯定文: She has been / She's been running.
否定文: She hasn't been running.
疑問文 : Has she been running?
否定疑問文: Hasn't she been running?
例： 現在完了継続、TO LIVE
| 肯定文 | 否定文 | 疑問文 |
|---|---|---|
| I have been living | I haven't been living | Have I been living? |
| You have been living | You haven't been living | Have you been living? |
| He, she, it has been living | He hasn't been living | Has she been living? |
| We have been living | We haven't been living | Have we been living? |
| You have been living | You haven't been living | Have you been living? |
| They have been living | They haven't been living | Have they been living? |
現在完了継続の機能
現在完了継続は、 '今以前'と '今'の間の不特定の時間 を指し、話し手がその時間内に始まり、まだ終わってないだろう出来事について考えています。彼/彼女は プロセスと結果に興味を持ち、そのプロセスはまだ続いているか、今終わったばかりです。
過去に始まったアクションが現在も続いている
She has been waiting for you all day (= そして彼女は今も待っている).
I've been working on this report since eight o'clock this morning (= そして私はまだ終わっていない).
They have been travelling since last October (= そして彼らはまだ家に着いていない).
そのアクションは今終わったばかりで、その結果に興味がある
She has been cooking since last night (= そしてテーブルの上の料理はおいしそうだ).
It's been raining (= そして道はまだ濡れている).
Someone's been eating my chips (= そして半分がなくなった).
継続形でない動詞
通常継続形を使わない動詞には、シンプルな現在完了形を使います。例：I've wanted to visit China for years.
She's known Robert since she was a child.
I've hated that music since I first heard it.
I've heard a lot about you recently.
We've understood everything.
we've heard this morning.