現在完了 + ever, never, already, yet

Ever

副詞 evernever は、今より前の未確認の時間の概念を表現します。 (Have you ever visited Berlin?)'Ever''never' は、常に主動詞(過去分詞)の前に置かれます。Ever の使い方:

疑問文で
Examples

Have you ever been to England?
Has she ever met the Prime Minister?

否定疑問文で

Haven't they ever been to Europe?
Haven't you ever eaten Chinese food?

nothing+ever や nobody+everのパターンを使った否定分で

Nobody has ever said that to me before.
Nothing like this has ever happened to us.

'The first time'と共に

It's the first time that I've ever eaten snails.
This is the first time I've ever been to England.

Never

Never は、 今までに一度もないを意味し、 not ..... everと同じです: (I have never visited Berlin)

注意!nevernot と一緒に使ってはいけません。

I haven't never been to Italy.
I have never been to Italy.

Already

Already は、今より前の未確認の時間に起こった行動を述べ、繰り返す必要がないことを表します。

I've already drunk three coffees this morning. (= and you're offering me another one!)
Don't write to John, I've already done it.

 

これは質問文にも使われます:

Have you already written to John?
Has she finished her homework already?

 

Already は主動詞(過去分詞) の前に置いたり、文章に終わりに置くことも出来ます:

I have already been to Tokyo.
I have been to Tokyo already.

 

Yet

Yetは否定文や疑問文に使われ、 今より前と今の間の時間にまだ(...ない)、現在を含む時までにまだ (...ない) を表します。Yet は通常文章の終わりに置かれます。

Have you met Judy yet?
I haven't visited the Tate Gallery yet
Has he arrived yet?
They haven't eaten yet